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ObjectiveTo explore the molecular mechanism of "transmission between the lung and brain" of influenza based on Janus kinase 1/signal transducer and activator of transcription 1（JAK1/STAT1） signaling pathway and further investigate the intervention effect of Maxing Shigantang （MXSGT）. MethodA total of 100 SPF BALB/c mice were randomly divided into a normal group，a model group，an oseltamivir group （21.63 mg·kg-1·d-1），an antiviral granules group（3.9 g·kg-1·d-1）， and an MXSGT group（6.05 g·kg-1·d-1）， with 20 mice in each group. The pneumonia model was induced in mice except for those in the normal group by intranasal infection of influenza A virus（IAV）. Twenty-four hours after modeling，mice were treated with corresponding drugs， while those in the normal group and the model group received the same amount of normal saline by gavage， once a day for 3 and 7 days. The pathological changes in the lung and brain were observed by hematoxylin-eosin（HE）staining. The mRNA expression of IAV nucleoprotein（NP），JAK1， and STAT1 in the lung and brain was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction（Real-time PCR）， and the protein expression of JAK1 and STAT1 in the lung and brain was detected by Western blot. Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of phosphorylated（p）-STAT1 in the lung and brain tissues， and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） was used to detect the serum levels of interleukin-1β（IL-1β） and interleukin-10（IL-10）. ResultCompared with the normal group， the model group showed obvious pathological changes in the lung tissues and cerebral cortex， increased relative mRNA expression of IAV NP in the lung （P<0.01）， elevated mRNA and protein expression of JAK1 and STAT1 in the lung and brain tissues （P<0.05，P<0.01），up-regulated expression level of p-STAT1 in lung tissues and cerebral cortex （P<0.05，P<0.01）， and increased serum level of IL-1β （P<0.05）. Compared with the model group， the MXSGT group showed alleviated pathological damage to lung tissues and cerebral cortex， decreased relative mRNA expression of IAV NP in lung tissues（P<0.01），reduced mRNA and protein expression levels of JAK1 and STAT1 in lung tissues and brain tissues（P<0.05，P<0.01）， and increased serum level of IL-10（P<0.01）. ConclusionThe abnormal activation of the JAK1-STAT1 signaling pathway may be one of the molecular mechanisms of "transmission between the lung and brain" of influenza. As an effective compound prescription against the influenza virus，MXSGT can alleviate the pathological damage of brain tissues in mice infected with IAV by regulating the level of cytokines mediated by this pathway.
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Objective To screen the targets of traditional Chinese medicine-derived potential plant molluscicides based on network pharmacology and explore the mechanisms of molluscicidal actions. Methods The traditional Chinese medicines with molluscicidal actions were screened based on retrospective literature reviews, and their molluscicidal efficiency was summarized. The active ingredients and potential targets of traditional Chinese medicines were captured from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform, Unified Protein Database and literature mining using network pharmacology. The drug-active ingredient-target network was created using the software Cytoscape 3.7.2, and the key targets were subjected to Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis using the Metascape software. Results A total of 27 types of snail control drugs derived from traditional Chinese medicines were screened from publications and classified into 14 categories. Network pharmacology identified 190 active ingredients, and the active ingredients with a high degree in the drug-active ingredient-target network included quercetin, linoleyl acetate, luteolin, beta-carotene, (24S)-ethylcholesta-5,22,25-trans-3beta-ol, fumarine and arctiin, with 181 corresponding potential targets screened. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that these targets were mainly located in 16 pathways, including the neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions, regulation of adipocyte lipolysis and adrenergic signal in myocardial cells. Conclusions This study preliminarily demonstrates the multi-ingredient, multi-target and multi-pathway mechanisms of action of 27 molluscicides. The screened key ingredient may provide the basis for isolation, purification and pharmacological studies of molluscicides, and the screened key targets and key pathways may facilitate the illustration of mechanisms of actions of traditional Chinese medicine-derived molluscicides and development of novel green molluscicides.
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BACKGROUNDS@#Azithromycin mass drug administration (MDA) is a key part of the strategy for controlling trachoma. This systematic review aimed to comprehensively summarize the present studies of azithromycin MDA on trachoma; provide an overview of the impact of azithromycin MDA on trachoma in different districts; and explore the possible methods to enhance the effectiveness of azithromycin MDA in hyperendemic districts.@*METHODS@#PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched up to February 2021 with no language restriction. Studies reporting the effect of azithromycin MDA on trachoma were included. Mathematical modeling studies, animal studies, case reports, and reviews were excluded. The trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF) 30.0%), especially with baseline TF >50.0%, annual MDA was unable to achieve the TF 10.0% is not appropriate for all eligible districts.
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Humans , Infant , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Azithromycin/therapeutic use , Mass Drug Administration , Prevalence , Trachoma/epidemiologyABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanism of nuciferine on alleviating obesity based on modulating gut microbiota, ameliorating chronic inflammation, and improving gut permeability. In this study, the obese model mice were induced by high-fat diet and then randomly divided into model group, and nuciferine group; some other mice of the same week age were fed with normal diet as normal group. In the modeling process, the mice were administered intragastrically(ig) for 12 weeks. In the course of both modeling and treatment, the body weight and food intake of mice in each group were measured weekly. After modeling and treatment, the Lee's index, weight percentage of inguinal subcutaneous fat, and the level of blood lipid in each group were measured. The pathological changes of adipocytes were observed by HE staining to evaluate the efficacy of nuciferine treatment in obese model mice. 16 S rRNA sequencing analysis was conducted to study the changes in diversity and abundance of gut microbiota after nuciferine treatment. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) and quantitative Real-time polymerase chain reaction(qPCR) were used to detect the levels of inflammatory factors interleukin-6(IL-6), interleukin-1β(IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and the expression of related genes in adipose tissue of mice in each group, so as to evaluate the effect of nuciferine on chronic inflammation of mice in obese model group. qPCR was used to detect the expression of occludin and tight junction protein 1(ZO-1)gene in colon tissure, so as to evaluate the effect of nuciferine on intestinal permeability of mice in obese group. Nuciferine decreased the body weight of obese mice, Lee's index, weight percentage of inguinal subcutaneous fat(P<0.05), and reduced the volume of adipocytes, decreased the level of total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG), and low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)(P<0.05) in serum, improved dysbacteriosis, increased the relative abundance of Alloprevotella, Turicibacter, and Lactobacillus, lowered the relative abundance of Helicobac-ter, decreased the expression of inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α genes in adipose tissue(P<0.01), decreased the levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in serum(P<0.05), and increased the expression of occludin and ZO-1 genes related to tight junction in colon tissue(P<0.01). Nuciferine could treat obesity through modulating gut microbiota, decreasing gut permeability and ameliorating inflammation.
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Animals , Mice , Aporphines , Diet, High-Fat/adverse effects , Gastrointestinal Microbiome , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Mice, Obese , Obesity/geneticsABSTRACT
Objective To characterize a species of the genus Tricula and parasitized trematodes in schistosomiasis-endemic areas of Yunnan Province using a molecular analysis, so as to understand their taxonomic positions. Methods Tricula spp. and Oncomelania snails were collected from Xiangyun County, Yunnan Province, and cercaria parasitizing snails were observed using crushing followed by microscopy. Cercaria parasitizing Tricula snails at various morphologies were sampled using a shedding method. Genomic DNA was extracted from snail soft tissues and cercariae, and the 16S rRNA, COI, 28S rDNA genes in snails and the ND1 and 28S rDNA genes in cercariae were amplified using a PCR assay and sequenced. The species of Tricula snails and their parasitized trematodes was characterized using sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis. Results Among 382 Tricula snails detected, there were three types of trematode cercariae found, including the non-forked (20.94%, 80/382), double-forked (3.40%, 13/382) and swallow shapes (7.07%, 27/382). Sequence and phylogenetic analyses showed that the 16S rRNA, COI and 28S rDNA gene sequences of this species of Tricula had high homology to those in Delavaya dianchiensis, and were clustered in a branch. Sequencing analysis of the ND1 and 28S rDNA genes revealed that the non-forked cercariae belonged to the family Pleu- rogenidae, the swallow-shaped cercariae belonged to the family Opecoelidae, and the double-forked cercariae belonged to another species of the genus Schistosoma that was different from S. sinensium and S. ovuncatum. Conclusion The species and taxonomy of Triculla spp. and their parasitized trematodes are preliminarily determined in schistosomiasis-endemic areas of Yunnan Province; however, further studies are required to investigate the more definite taxonomy and pathogenicity.
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OBJECTIVE@#To systematically summarize the clinical features of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children.@*METHODS@#PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, Weipu Database, and Wanfang Database were searched for clinical studies on COVID-19 in children published up to May 21, 2020. Two reviewers independently screened the articles, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of the studies included. A descriptive analysis was then performed for the studies. Related indices between children with COVID-19 and severe acute respiratory syndromes (SARS) or Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) were compared.@*RESULTS@#A total of 75 studies were included, with a total of 806 children with COVID-19. The research results showed that the age of the children ranged from 36 hours after birth to 18 years, with a male-female ratio of 1.21 : 1. Similar to SARS and MERS, COVID-19 often occurred with familial aggregation, and such cases accounted for 74.6% (601/806). The children with COVID-19, SARS, and MERS had similar clinical symptoms, mainly fever and cough. Some children had gastrointestinal symptoms. The children with asymptomatic infection accounted for 17.9% (144/806) of COVID-19 cases, 2.5% (2/81) of SARS cases, and 57.1% (12/21) of MERS cases. The children with COVID-19 and MERS mainly had bilateral lesions on chest imaging examination, with a positive rate of lesions of 63.4% (421/664) and 26.3% (5/19) respectively, which were lower than the corresponding positive rates of viral nucleic acid detection, which were 99.8% and 100% respectively. The chest radiological examination of the children with SARS mainly showed unilateral lesion, with a positive rate of imaging of 88.9% (72/81), which was higher than the corresponding positive rate of viral nucleic acid detection (29.2%). Viral nucleic acid was detected in the feces of children with COVID-19 or SARS, with positive rates of 60.2% (56/93) and 71.4% (5/7) respectively. The children with COVID-19 had a rate of severe disease of 4.6% (31/686) and a mortality rate of 0.1% (1/806), the children with SARS had a rate of severe disease of 1.5% (1/68) and a mortality rate of 0%, and those with MERS had a rate of severe disease of 14.3% (3/21) and a mortality rate of 9.5% (2/21).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Children with COVID-19 have similar symptoms to those with SARS or MERS, mainly fever and cough. Asymptomatic infection is observed in all three diseases. Children with COVID-19 or SARS have milder disease conditions than those with MERS. COVID-19 in children often occurs with familial aggregation. Epidemiological contact history, imaging examination findings, and viral nucleic acid testing results are important bases for the diagnosis of COVID-19.
Subject(s)
Child , Female , Humans , Male , Betacoronavirus , Coronavirus Infections , Cough , Virology , Fever , Virology , Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus , Pandemics , Pneumonia, Viral , Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome , VirologyABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the potential risk of schistosomiasis transmission so as to provide the evidence for formulating the control strategy. Methods Two villages were selected as the investigated sites in Chuxiong City and the risk of schistosomiasis transmission was evaluated by reviewing the data of schistosomiasis epidemic situation and prevention and control work, and carrying out the field survey for Oncomelania hupensis snail status, wild faeces, and schistosome infection of the population from 2015 to 2017. Results There was 1.49 hm2 area of snail habitats, with an average density of 0.54 snails/0.1 m2. The occurrence rate of frames with snails was 5.41%. No schistosome-infected snails were found. The positive rate of schistosomiasis serological tests of the residents was 3.36%, but the stool examination positive cases were not found. A total of 58 wild faeces samples were collected but no schistosome infested cases were found. The risk levels of schistosomiasis transmission in both villages were Grade III. Conclusions Although Chuxiong City has been in a low risk state of schistosomiasis transmission, the density of snails is still high, and there is a risk of infection source importation. In the future, the infection source control and snail control should be strengthened.
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A three-level (provincial, municipal and county levels) schistosomiasis diagnosis network platform had been created in Yunnan Province, and assessment of laboratory quality-control samples and field evaluation of nucleic acid diagnostic techniques and immunodiagnostic reagents had been performed. This paper described the review process of the schistosomiasis diagnosis network laboratory and the operation of schistosomiasis diagnosis network laboratory and analyzed the problems of the schistosomiasis diagnosis network laboratory in Yunnan Province. The establishment of the schistosomiasis diagnosis reference (network) laboratory will provide a strong support for schistosomiasis control in Yunnan Province in the new era.
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Objective To assess the effectiveness of infectious source control at various stages of transmission control of schistosomiasis in Eryuan County of Yunnan Province, so as to provide insights into the further monitoring and management of infectious sources of schistosomiasis. Methods Wenbi Village, a plateau subtype region and Qiandian Village, a mountain subtype region in Eryuan County were selected as the study areas. The species, schistosome infection and transmission capability of infectious sources were investigated in Wenbi and Qiandian villages in 2011 and 2018 and were compared. Results Schistosome infections were detected in human, bovine, horse, dog and mouse in Qiandian Village in 2011, with positive rates of 1.19%, 0.91%, 1.25%, 3.13% and 0.95%, respectively, and human, bovine and dog were found to have schistosome infections, with positive rates of 0.76%, 1.66% and 9.30%, respectively. However, no infections were identified in human, bovine, horse, pig, dog, sheep or mouse in these two villages in 2018. A total of 731 wild feces were collected in both villages in 2011. In Qiandian Village, horse, bovine and dog feces accounted for 34.40%, 29.80% and 20.20% of all fecal samples, and dog and horse feces were found to have schistosome infections (11.94% and 6.90% positive rates, respectively). In Wenbi Village, dog, bovine and human feces accounted for 44.59%, 39.83% and 14.29% of all fecal samples, and dog, human and bovine feces were found to have schistosome infections (16.95%, 9.52% and 2.33% positive rates, respectively). In 2018, a total of 204 wild feces were collected in both villages, and no schistosome infections were identified. Sheep, dog and bovine feces accounted for 36.27%, 33.33% and 27.45% of all fecal samples in Qiandian Village, and dog, bovine and human feces accounted for 72.55%, 11.76% and 10.78% of all fecal samples in Wenbi Village. Conclusions A remarkable achievement has been obtained in the control of infectious sources of schistosomiasis in Eryuan County, and the role of human and bovine as the major infectious sources of schistosomiasis has been effectively controlled. In the future, the integrated strategy with emphasis on the control of infectious sources should be intensified, and the management of reservoir hosts including dog and mouse should be strengthened.
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Objective To evaluate the potential risk of schistosomiasis transmission so as to provide the evidence for formulating the control strategy. Methods Two villages were selected as the investigated sites in Chuxiong City and the risk of schistosomiasis transmission was evaluated by reviewing the data of schistosomiasis epidemic situation and prevention and control work, and carrying out the field survey for Oncomelania hupensis snail status, wild faeces, and schistosome infection of the population from 2015 to 2017. Results There was 1.49 hm2 area of snail habitats, with an average density of 0.54 snails/0.1 m2. The occurrence rate of frames with snails was 5.41%. No schistosome-infected snails were found. The positive rate of schistosomiasis serological tests of the residents was 3.36%, but the stool examination positive cases were not found. A total of 58 wild faeces samples were collected but no schistosome infested cases were found. The risk levels of schistosomiasis transmission in both villages were Grade III. Conclusions Although Chuxiong City has been in a low risk state of schistosomiasis transmission, the density of snails is still high, and there is a risk of infection source importation. In the future, the infection source control and snail control should be strengthened.
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A three-level (provincial, municipal and county levels) schistosomiasis diagnosis network platform had been created in Yunnan Province, and assessment of laboratory quality-control samples and field evaluation of nucleic acid diagnostic techniques and immunodiagnostic reagents had been performed. This paper described the review process of the schistosomiasis diagnosis network laboratory and the operation of schistosomiasis diagnosis network laboratory and analyzed the problems of the schistosomiasis diagnosis network laboratory in Yunnan Province. The establishment of the schistosomiasis diagnosis reference (network) laboratory will provide a strong support for schistosomiasis control in Yunnan Province in the new era.
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Objective To assess the effectiveness of infectious source control at various stages of transmission control of schistosomiasis in Eryuan County of Yunnan Province, so as to provide insights into the further monitoring and management of infectious sources of schistosomiasis. Methods Wenbi Village, a plateau subtype region and Qiandian Village, a mountain subtype region in Eryuan County were selected as the study areas. The species, schistosome infection and transmission capability of infectious sources were investigated in Wenbi and Qiandian villages in 2011 and 2018 and were compared. Results Schistosome infections were detected in human, bovine, horse, dog and mouse in Qiandian Village in 2011, with positive rates of 1.19%, 0.91%, 1.25%, 3.13% and 0.95%, respectively, and human, bovine and dog were found to have schistosome infections, with positive rates of 0.76%, 1.66% and 9.30%, respectively. However, no infections were identified in human, bovine, horse, pig, dog, sheep or mouse in these two villages in 2018. A total of 731 wild feces were collected in both villages in 2011. In Qiandian Village, horse, bovine and dog feces accounted for 34.40%, 29.80% and 20.20% of all fecal samples, and dog and horse feces were found to have schistosome infections (11.94% and 6.90% positive rates, respectively). In Wenbi Village, dog, bovine and human feces accounted for 44.59%, 39.83% and 14.29% of all fecal samples, and dog, human and bovine feces were found to have schistosome infections (16.95%, 9.52% and 2.33% positive rates, respectively). In 2018, a total of 204 wild feces were collected in both villages, and no schistosome infections were identified. Sheep, dog and bovine feces accounted for 36.27%, 33.33% and 27.45% of all fecal samples in Qiandian Village, and dog, bovine and human feces accounted for 72.55%, 11.76% and 10.78% of all fecal samples in Wenbi Village. Conclusions A remarkable achievement has been obtained in the control of infectious sources of schistosomiasis in Eryuan County, and the role of human and bovine as the major infectious sources of schistosomiasis has been effectively controlled. In the future, the integrated strategy with emphasis on the control of infectious sources should be intensified, and the management of reservoir hosts including dog and mouse should be strengthened.
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Objective It is rarely reported whether myricetin inhibits the activation and function of cardiac fibroblasts and thereby prevents myocardial fibrosis. This study was to investigate the effects of myricetin on the activation,proliferation and secretion of cardiac fibroblasts and its possible molecular mechanisms. Methods Fibroblasts isolated from 1-3 days old rats were cultured and their activation,proliferation and secretion were induced with the transforming growth factor (TGF). The fibroblasts were incubated with myricetin at different concentrations of 1,3,10,30 and 100 μmol/L for 24 hours followed by detection of their proliferation with the CKK8 kit,the transcription levels of fibrotic factors by RT-PCR and the expression levels of α-SMA and signal proteins by immunoflu-orescence staining and Western blot,respectively. Results The expression of α-SMA was significantly up-regulated in the cardiac fi- broblasts of the rats in the TGF-β,30 μmol/L myricetin+TGF-β and 100 μmol/L myricetin+TGF-β groups as compared with that in the control group (P<0.05) but down-regulated in the 30 μmol/L myricetin+TGF-β and 100 μmol/L myricetin+TGF-β groups in com-parison with that in the TGF-β group (P<0.05). At 48 hours,the transcription levels of collagenⅠ,collagenⅢ,fibronectin and con-nective tissue growth factor were markedly higher in the TGF-β,30 μmol/L myricetin+TGF-β and 100 μmol/L myricetin+TGF-β groups than in the control group (P<0.05) but lower in the 30 μmol/L myricetin+TGF-β and 100 μmol/L myricetin+TGF-β groups than in the TGF-β group (P<0.05). The phosphorylation levels of smad2 and smad3 were remarkably elevated in the TGF-β,30 μmol/L myricetin+TGF-β and 100 μmol/L myricetin+TGF-β groups and the expression of smad4 reduced in the TGF-β group as com-pared with the control group (P<0.05). The levels of smad2,smad3 and smad4 were all significantly decreased in the 30 μmol/L myr-icetin+TGF-β and the 100 μmol/L myricetin+TGF-β groups in comparison with the TGF-β group (P<0.05). Conclusion Myricetin suppresses the activation,proliferation and secretion of cardiac fibroblasts induced by TGF-β via inhibiting the smad signaling pathway.
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Objective To silence the expression of Itch gene of T-lymphocytes by ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) and to investigate the cytotoxicity of transfected T lymphocytes against LA795 lung neoplasms cells in vitro. Methods T lymphocyte were isolated by magnetic bead,and an targeted shRNA to silence Itch gene of T lymphocytes was established.48 hours after transfection by UTMD,the transfection efficiency was detected and analyzed by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry;the expression of Itch protein was measured with Western blot;72 hours after transfection,the secretion of IL-2 and IFN-γ in the cell supernatant was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The cytotoxicity activity changes against LA795 lung neoplasms cells was compared between transfected T lymphocytes and negative control or simplex T lymphocytes in vitro. Results The transfection rate to silence Itch gene of T lymphocytes by UTMD was 52.3%±3.8%. At 48 h after transfection,the Itch gene expression can be effectively suppressed by UTMD. Seventy-two hours after transfection,the secretion level of cytokines including IL-2 and IFN-γ,was significantly increased in the group of targeted shRNA to silence Itch gene of T lymphocytes by UTMD(P<0.05) and transfected T lymphocyte also showed more efficient killing ability against LA795 lung neoplasms cells than negative control or blank group at E : T of 10 : 1,20 : 1 and 40 : 1 (P<0.05). Conclusions Silencing the expression of Itch by UTMD can significantly promote immune activity of T lymphocyte,enhance the cytotoxicity activity of T lymphocyte against LA795 lung neoplasms cells in vitro.
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P-glycoprotein(P-gp)is an important efflux protein of ATP-binding cassette transporter superfamily. Cells could be protected from detrimental xenobiotics by the up-regulation of efflux pumps.In this review, an extensive literature search for P-gp induction research was conducted, and a focus was brought onto the P-gp induction models,experiment methods and its applications in drug discovery.We mainly introduced the in vitro cell-based models and in vivo rodent animal models for induction research, methods that investigate induction potency by detecting the protein,gene expression and efflux function,as well as co-regulation between P-gp and other transporters or drug metabolism enzymes.P-gp induction can serve as a clinical therapeutic strategy by reducing the intracellular concentration of deleterious xenobiotics significantly,and the in silico P-gp induction pharmacophore model was also discussed.This review could be of great importance for pre-clinical drug design, the screening of new synthesized compounds and the prediction of potential clinical drug-drug interactions.
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Studies on the enzymology of snails are important in the study of molluscicidal mechanism.The alteration of activi-ties of enzymes after molluscicidal treatment was reported in large numbers of papers.This paper reviews the progress of studies on the enzymology of snails under the treatment of molluscicides.
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Objective To investigate the correlation between morphological abnormalities and abnormal myelodysplastic syn-dromes(MDS)cloning.Methods 82 cases of MDS were collected with complete FISH and morphological abnormalities. The relationship between MDS cell morphology and chromosome abnormality was investigated.Results 45 cases of chromo-somal abnormalities were found,and +8 were the most frequent chromosomal abnormalities.8 cases were +8,-5 and 5q-were 6,20q-were 7,-7 and 7q-were 5,complex karyotypes(>3 abnormalities)were 6.There were statistically significant differences in the proportion of primordial cells,megakaryocyte dysplasia,megakaryocyte abnormalities between karyotype abnormal group and karyotype normal group(P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the proportion of abnormal karyotype among high risk group and low risk group,the low risk group and medium risk group(P<0.05).Con-clusion The chromosomal abnormalities of MDS patients would be related to morphological changes.
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Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of paclitaxel plus oxaliplatin chemotherapy to the transplanted non-small cell lung cancer of nude mice and the effect to the apoptosis protein expression of PDCD5 and XIAP with mice model.Methods A tumor-bearing mice were randomly divided into blank group, normal saline group, oxaliplatin group, paclitaxel group, paclitaxel plus oxaliplatin group.The gene expression of PDCD5 and XIAP was assayed by real-time quantitative PCR(q-PCR).The apoptosis related PDCD5 and XIAP protein were detected by Western blot.Finally, the tumor weight of each group was measured for statistical analysis.ResultsThe mRNA expression of PDCD5 was highest and the gene expression of XIAP was lowest in paclitaxel plus oxaliplatin group(P<0.01).The expression of PDCD5 protein was highest and the expression of XIAP protein was lowest in paclitaxel plus oxaliplatin group (P<0.01).Finally, compare the tumor weight of each group, paclitaxel plus oxaliplatin group has the least mass(P<0.01).Conclusions Paclitaxel plus oxaliplatin group chemotherapy significantly increases PDCD5 expression and reduce XIAP expression.Meanwhile, paclitaxel plus oxaliplatin chemotherapy can significantly reduce the tumor weight of happened non-small cell lung cancer.
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To explore the influence of preventive use of vasopressin tannate on diabetes insipidus and serum sodium at the early postoperation of craniopharyngioma. Methods: The data of 83 patients, who underwent unilateral sub-frontal approach resection of craniopharyngioma between 2010 and 2014 by the same senior neurosurgeon, were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into a vasopressin tannate group (used group) and a control group. The diabetes insipidus and serum sodium changes were compared between the two groups. Results: Compared with the control group, the incidence of diabetes insipidus decreased at the early postoperation in the vasopressin tannate group (P<0.05). There was high incidence of diabetes insipidus in patients with pituitary stalk excision and tumor close adhesion to the third ventricle floor at the early postoperation (P<0.05). Under such conditions, the incidence of diabetes insipidus in the vasopressin tannate group was decreased compared with the control group (P<0.05). Postoperative hypernatremia occurred in 37 patients (44.6%), and hyponatremia occurred in 60 patients (72.3%), the average time of the occurrence of hpernatremia and hyponatremia was 1.4 and 3.7 days after surgery. Postoperative high serum sodium and low serum sodium appeared alternately in 19 patients (22.9%). There was significant difference in the serum sodium distribution in the first day after surgery in both groups (P<0.05), and the percent of hpernatremia in the vasopressin tannate group was significantly less than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Preventive use of vasopressin tannate can effectively reduce diabetes insipidus and hypernatremia incidence at the early postoperative stage after microsurgery for craniopharyngioma.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Arginine Vasopressin , Therapeutic Uses , Craniopharyngioma , General Surgery , Diabetes Insipidus , Hypernatremia , Epidemiology , Hyponatremia , Epidemiology , Incidence , Microsurgery , Pituitary Gland , General Surgery , Pituitary Neoplasms , Postoperative Complications , Postoperative Period , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
Objective To discuss the diagnosis and treatment of iatrogenic urethral injuries and preventive measures.Methods Various clinical parameters in 26 cases of iatrogenic urethral injury between January 2006 to January 2014 were analyzed retro-spectively.Results Twenty-five cases were confirmed in the operation,1 case of confirmed 2 days postoperatively.All patients were follow-up visit for 3-24 months normal renal function,only 1 case of urethral stricture.Conclusion Through effective prevention, early diagnosis and treatment,close follow-up visit can minimize the patient′s occurrence of iatrogenic urethral injury.